How Much Is Your Standard Tax Deduction, and Should You Claim It? (2024)

How Much Is Your Standard Tax Deduction, and Should You Claim It? (1)

The tax code allows you to effectively put some of your income aside tax-free to help meet your living expenses. It offers two options for reducing your taxable income: the standard deduction and itemized deductions.

When you itemize, you have the ability to deduct the actual dollar amount of many different expenses, such as medical expenses or student loan interest. The standard deduction, however, is a flat amount that you can deduct from your taxable income.

Learn how the standard deduction works and when you should claim it instead of itemizing.

What Is the Standard Deduction?

You can deduct the amount of the tax year's standard deduction from your taxable income on line 12 of your 2021 Form 1040 tax return. It’s a set number that doesn’t take much in the way of your personal circ*mstances into consideration.

There are five standard deductions, based on your filing status and whether you're married:

  • Single
  • Married filing jointly
  • Married filing separately
  • Qualifying widow(er)
  • Head of household (single but with one or more dependents)

Note

All of these statuses have different qualifying rules, standard deductions, tax rates, and credit and deduction eligibility.

Taking the Standard Deduction vs. Itemizing

Claiming the standard deduction is much easier than itemizing; it’s just a matter of filling a predetermined deduction amount. Alternatively with itemizing, you can add up everything you spent on qualifying tax-deductible expenses over the year, such as medical expenses and charitable giving, then subtract the total from your income instead.

Many taxpayers have found that the standard deduction amount offers a bigger deduction than all their itemized deductions combined, but it all depends on your filing status and economic factors. If you total up all of your allowed deductions and the total you get is greater than the standard deduction, it would probably be wise to itemize.

How Much Is the Standard Deduction?

The standard deduction you qualify for depends on your filing status, your age, and whether you're blind. The numbers are adjusted each year to keep pace with inflation, and the TCJA virtually doubles them for each filing status, at least through 2025, when the law will potentially expire.

The IRS offers an interactive tool to figure out how much you're entitled to if you're not sure of your filing status. It takes about 15 minutes to complete. These are the standard deduction amounts for each filing status for 2021, the tax return you'll file in 2022:

Filing StatusDeduction Amount
Single$12,550
Head of Household$18,800
Married Filing Jointly$25,100
Married Filing Separately$12,550
Qualifying Widow(er)$25,100

Special Adjustments for Standard Deductions

These across-the-board numbers based on filing status can be tweaked somewhat for some taxpayers, and other rules determine who can claim the standard deduction as well.

The Standard Deduction Based on Age or Blindness

Taxpayers who are age 65 and older, and individuals who are legally blind receive an additional standard deduction. It's calculated by adding the taxpayer's standard deduction based on their filing status, plus an additional amount.

The additional amount for people who are blind or 65 and older was $1,300 each for married taxpayers in 2020, and $1,650 for unmarried taxpayers and heads of household. For the 2021 tax year, the standard deduction is increased to an additional amount of $1,350 for married taxpayers who are age 65 or over or blind, and $1,700 if head of household or single.

Note

You reach age 65 on the day before your 65th birthday, according to IRS rules.

Special Rule for Married Couples

You and your spouse must both take the standard deduction, or you must both itemize your deductions if you're married but filing separate returns. You can't mix and match, with one spouse itemizing and the other taking the standard deduction.

It usually makes sense to figure your taxes both ways, with each spouse itemizing and each spouse taking the standard deduction, to find out which yields the better overall tax savings.

Standard Deduction for Dependents

Taxpayers who can be claimed as dependents on someone else's tax return have variable standard deduction amounts. For the 2021 tax year, their standard deduction is limited to either $1,100 or their earned income plus $350, whichever is more. In either case, the deduction is capped at the amount of the standard deduction for their filing status—it can't be more. This limit amount has been the same since 2019.

Note

The dependent deduction applies to those who are eligible to be someone’s dependent, not just those who are claimed on someone else’s taxes.

The Effect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) on Standard Deductions

The TCJA more or less doubled the standard deduction in 2018, and it simultaneously took away and modified some itemized deductions.

These changes will make it more difficult to surpass the amount in deductions you'd need to file an itemized return instead of a standard one. You might want to prepare your return both ways—particularly if you think you have a lot of itemized deductions—to make sure that you're getting the greatest deduction possible. Every dollar counts.

What is the standard deduction for tax year 2021?

The standard deduction is adjusted annually for inflation, and the limits are based on your filing status. For tax year 2021, which generally applies to tax returns filed in 2022, the amounts have increased as follows: If you are single or married filing separately, the deduction is $12,550; if you are married filing jointly or are a qualifying widow(er), the deduction is $25,100; and if you are the head of household, the deduction is $18,800.

What's the difference between the standard deduction and itemized deductions?

The standard deduction is a flat amount that you can deduct from your taxable income, based based on your filing status, number of dependents, and what year you’refiling the taxesfor. Itemized deductions allow you to deduct the dollar amount of various expense, including things like property taxes and mortgage interest. If your total allowed deductions is greater than the standard deduction, then it would most likely be best to itemize.

Updated by

Jess Feldman

How Much Is Your Standard Tax Deduction, and Should You Claim It? (2)

Jess Feldman has been writing and editing for over five years, and currently focuses on financial topics.As an associate editor on the special projects team, she writes, edits, and develops tentpole brand projects across a variety of platforms. Since joining the financial space, she's developed an interest in finding ways to make the complex topic of finance relatable to younger generations, specifically via TikTok. Jess has a journalism degree from the University of Maryland Philip Merrill College of Journalism.

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How Much Is Your Standard Tax Deduction, and Should You Claim It? (2024)

FAQs

How Much Is Your Standard Tax Deduction, and Should You Claim It? ›

The 2022 standard deduction is $12,950 for single filers, $25,900 for joint filers or $19,400 for heads of household. Those numbers rise to $13,850, $27,700 and $20,800, respectively, for tax year 2023. Tina Orem is an editor at NerdWallet.

How much standard deduction should I claim? ›

The 2022 standard deduction is $12,950 for single filers, $25,900 for joint filers or $19,400 for heads of household. Those numbers rise to $13,850, $27,700 and $20,800, respectively, for tax year 2023. Tina Orem is an editor at NerdWallet.

Should I claim standard deduction on taxes? ›

The standard deduction is the better deal for most taxpayers and will result in a lower tax bill. However, if you had a certain life event or unexpected expense occur in 2022, such as a large medical bill or purchasing a home, itemizing your deductions instead could save you more money.

What does I will claim the standard deduction mean? ›

The standard deduction is a specific dollar amount that reduces the amount of income on which you're taxed. Your standard deduction consists of the sum of the basic standard deduction and any additional standard deduction amounts for age and/or blindness.

What tax deductions can I claim with standard deduction? ›

Here's a breakdown of each:
  • Educator Expenses. ...
  • Student Loan Interest. ...
  • HSA Contributions. ...
  • IRA Contributions. ...
  • Self-Employed Retirement Contributions. ...
  • Early Withdrawal Penalties. ...
  • Alimony Payments. ...
  • Certain Business Expenses.
Mar 7, 2023

What should I claim on my w4? ›

You should consider other deductions your paycheck, such as Social Security tax, Medicare tax, state tax, local tax, insurance premiums, retirement contributions, etc., to determine if you're comfortable with your take-home pay amount.

Why would someone decide to claim the standard deduction? ›

Standard Deductions ensure that all taxpayers have at least some income that is not subject to federal income tax. The Standard Deduction amount typically increases each year due to inflation. You usually have the option of claiming the Standard Deduction or itemizing your deductions.

When should you not take the standard deduction? ›

If the value of expenses that you can deduct is more than the standard deduction (as noted above, for the tax year 2023 these are: $13,850 for single and married filing separately, $27,700 for married filing jointly, and $20,800 for heads of households) then you should consider itemizing.

Why would you take the standard deduction? ›

The standard deduction reduces a taxpayer's taxable income. It ensures that only households with income above certain thresholds will owe any income tax. Taxpayers can claim a standard deduction when filing their tax returns, thereby reducing their taxable income and the taxes they owe.

What is standard deduction for dummies? ›

The standard deduction is the portion of income not subject to tax that can be used to reduce your tax bill. The IRS adjusts the standard deduction each year for inflation. The amount of your standard deduction is based on your filing status, age, and other criteria.

What is the standard deduction example? ›

The standard deduction applies to the tax year, not the year in which you file. For tax year 2022, for example, the standard deduction for those filing as married filing jointly is $25,900, up $800 from the prior year. But that deduction applies to income earned in 2022, which is filed with the IRS in 2023.

Does standard deduction affect tax bracket? ›

Your standard deduction is determined by your filing status and stays the same regardless of your income. As your income goes up, your tax bracket rates increase accordingly. These are simple calculations and don't take into account all the other deductions and credits available to taxpayers.

Is it better to claim 1 or 0? ›

By placing a “0” on line 5, you are indicating that you want the most amount of tax taken out of your pay each pay period. If you wish to claim 1 for yourself instead, then less tax is taken out of your pay each pay period.

Is it better to claim 4 or 0? ›

Claiming 0 Allowances on your W4 ensures the maximum amount of taxes are withheld from each paycheck. Plus, you'll most likely get a refund back at tax time.

What is the best number of deductions to claim on W4? ›

If you are single and have one job, or married and filing jointly then claiming one allowance makes the most sense. An individual can claim two allowances if they are single and have more than one job, or are married and are filing taxes separately.

How do I fill out a w4 for most withholding? ›

To withhold the maximum amount on your W-4, fill in step 4(a) with the amount of other income. If you make $10,000 this year from other income sources, you are in the 22% tax bracket, and you are paid bimonthly, then you should put $92 on line 4(a) (10,000 * 0.22 / 24 = 91.67).

Why do I owe taxes if I claim 0? ›

There are a few reasons why you would still owe money if you have claimed zero on your tax forms. Some reasons are if you have additional income, have a spouse that earns income or if you earn bonuses or commissions.

How do I fill out a w4 so nothing is withheld? ›

To claim exempt, write EXEMPT under line 4c. You may claim EXEMPT from withholding if: o Last year you had a right to a full refund of All federal tax income and o This year you expect a full refund of ALL federal income tax. NOTE: if you claim EXEMPT you must complete a new W-4 annually in February.

What are the disadvantages of standard deduction? ›

Standard deductions have filing limitations.

You won't be able to take a standard deduction in a few scenarios. For instance, if you are married but filing separately, you may not be able to take the standard deduction if your spouse itemizes. The same is true if you are claimed as a dependent on someone else's return.

Do most people take the standard deduction? ›

For some people, itemizing reduces their tax bill more than claiming the standard deduction would. However, an estimated 90% of taxpayers choose to claim the standard deduction.

What if standard deduction is more than income? ›

If your deductions exceed income earned and you had tax withheld from your paycheck, you might be entitled to a refund. You may also be able to claim a net operating loss (NOLs). A Net Operating Loss is when your deductions for the year are greater than your income in that same year.

What is one disadvantage of itemizing your deductions? ›

You might lose money on certain deductions.

The standard deductible amount might be lower than the amount you could deduct if you itemized. If you're a homeowner, for example, the standard deduction might be less than the total amount of mortgage interest or real estate taxes you've paid and could deduct.

How can I get the largest tax return? ›

6 Ways to Get a Bigger Tax Refund
  1. Try itemizing your deductions.
  2. Double check your filing status.
  3. Make a retirement contribution.
  4. Claim tax credits.
  5. Contribute to your health savings account.
  6. Work with a tax professional.
Mar 22, 2023

What are the benefits of standard deduction vs itemized? ›

A standard deduction reduces your taxable income by a set amount, depending on your income, age, filing status and other factors, whereas with itemized deductions, you can pick and choose from among hundreds if you qualify.

What is the standard deduction for seniors? ›

The standard deduction for seniors this year is actually the 2022 amount, filed by April 2023. For the 2022 tax year, seniors filing single or married filing separately get a standard deduction of $14,700. For those who are married and filing jointly, the standard deduction for 65 and older is $25,900.

Is there a maximum amount of deductions I can claim? ›

It's been a key issue for certain lawmakers in high-tax states because taxpayers can't deduct more than $10,000 in state and local levies on their federal returns.

Does the standard deduction go up every year? ›

The standard deduction amount depends on your filing status, whether you're 65 or older and/or blind, and whether another taxpayer can claim you as a dependent on their tax return. The standard deduction amount is also adjusted annually for inflation, so your 2023 standard deduction is larger than it was for 2022.

At what age is Social Security no longer taxed? ›

Social Security benefits may or may not be taxed after 62, depending in large part on other income earned. Those only receiving Social Security benefits do not have to pay federal income taxes.

Is a higher or lower standard deduction better? ›

If your standard deduction is less than your itemized deductions, you probably should itemize and save money. If your standard deduction is more than your itemized deductions, it might be worth it to take the standard and save some time.

Is itemized deduction better than 40% optional standard deduction? ›

The rule to follow: If your Expenses > 40% of your income, Itemized is the more tax efficient choice. If your Expenses <= 40% of your income, OSD is the more tax efficient choice. In this case, OSD is clearly the better option.

Do most people use the standard deduction? ›

In the tax year 2020, 87.3% of Americans took the standard deduction, just shy of the 87.6% who did in 2019, IRS data shows.

Why is my standard deduction so high? ›

Standard Deductions ensure that all taxpayers have at least some income that is not subject to federal income tax. The Standard Deduction amount typically increases each year due to inflation. You usually have the option of claiming the Standard Deduction or itemizing your deductions.

How do I know if I should itemize or take the standard deduction? ›

If the value of expenses that you can deduct is more than the standard deduction (as noted above, for the tax year 2023 these are: $13,850 for single and married filing separately, $27,700 for married filing jointly, and $20,800 for heads of households) then you should consider itemizing.

How does the standard tax deduction work? ›

The standard deduction is the portion of income not subject to tax that can be used to reduce your tax bill. The IRS adjusts the standard deduction each year for inflation. The amount of your standard deduction is based on your filing status, age, and other criteria.

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