The following online resources provide additional information on the elements of globalization.
Fail or Flourish: American Workers, Globalization, and Automation External
By Daniel Griswold. Mercatus Research, Mercatus Center at George Mason University, Arlington, VA, January 2020.
It is often asserted that, for most American workers, real wages and incomes have been “stagnant” for decades, but evidence shows that the large majority of US workers are better off today than in past decades. Increased trade, globalization, and technological innovation have helped to raise wages and incomes. US economic policy should not aim to regulate or slow a dynamic labor market, but instead to help the minority of American workers who have been displaced or more permanently disconnected from the labor force. Policy initiatives should focus on upgrading the skills of US workers, promoting mobility, eliminating government-created barriers to employment and disincentives to work, reducing addiction and unnecessary incarcerations, and other policy reforms—with the goal of equipping US workers to thrive in a more open and technologically advanced economy.Globalization and Trade (CEPR) External
CEPR looks at the impact of international financial institutions, especially the International Monetary Fund and the World Trade Organization, on economic growth, poverty rates, and trade around the world.
Globalization Helps Spread Knowledge and Technology Across Borders External
By Aqib Aslam, Johannes Eugster, Giang Ho, Florence Jaumotte, Carolina Osorio-Buitron, and Roberto Piazza.
April 9, 2018, IMF Blog.
The researchers found "that the spread of knowledge and technology across borders has intensified because of globalization. In emerging markets, the transfer of technology has helped to boost innovation and productivity even in the recent period of weak global productivity growth."The Globalization of Migration: Has the World Become More Migratory? External
Mathias Czaika, University of Oxford, Hein de Haas, University of Oxford
IMR Volume 48 Number 2 (Fall 2015):283–323
"Although it is commonly believed that the volume, diversity, geographical scope, and overall complexity of international migration have increased as part of globalization processes, this idea has remained largely untested. This article analyzes shifts in global migration patterns between 1960 and 2000 using indices that simultaneously capture changes in the spread, distance, and intensity of migration. While the results challenge the idea that there has been a global increase in volume, diversity, and geographical scope of migration, main migratory shifts have been directional. Migration has globalized from a destination country perspective but hardly from an origin country perspective, with migrants from an increasingly diverse array of non-European-origin countries concentrating in a shrinking pool of prime destination countries. The global migration map has thus become more skewed. Rather than refuting the globalization of migration hypothesis, this seems to reflect the asymmetric nature of globalization processes in general."--Publisher's description.How Globalization is Changing Innovation External
World Economic Forum
By Otaviano Canuto, August 17, 2018
"The diffusion of knowledge and technology worldwide in recent decades has brought important changes to the global innovation landscape. But those changes could be much more profound if countries created more supportive investment environments."Moving for Prosperity: Global Migration and Labor Markets External
Policy Research Report. World Bank Group, 2018.
The report covers: Patterns of Global Migration; The Economic Drivers of Migration Decisions; The Wage and Employment Impacts of Migration; Longer-Term Dynamics: Immigrant Economic Adjustment and Native Responses; and High-Skilled Migration.What Is Globalization? And How Has the Global Economy Shaped the United States? External
An online guide by Peterson Institute for International Economics.
"After centuries of technological progress and advances in international cooperation, the world is more connected than ever. But how much has the rise of trade and the modern global economy helped or hurt American businesses, workers, and consumers? Here is a basic guide to the economic side of this broad and much debated topic, drawn from current research."--Publisher description.World Migration Report External
This annual report published by International Organization for Migration (IOM) provides data and information on global migration and discusses complex and emerging migration issues.
