What is an activity variance and what does it mean quizlet?
An activity variance is the difference between a revenue or cost item in the flexible budget and the same item in the static planning budget. An activity variance is due solely to the difference in the actual level of activity used in the flexible budget and the level of activity assumed in the planning budget.
Activity variances are the differences between the static/planning budget and the flexible budget and are caused by the difference between planned and actual activity levels.
An activity variance is the difference between an actual revenue or cost and the revenue or cost in the flexible budget that is adjusted for the actual level of activity of the period.
A spending variance is the difference between the actual amount of a particular expense and the expected (or budgeted) amount of an expense.
variance. a measure of variability for the average squared distance that scores deviate from their mean.
When adding up the activity variance of a series of tasks you don't just sum the figures. AV is the square root of the sum of the total activity variance. The standard deviation for the project as a whole is the sum of all the actvity variances. If you sum those figures 1089 + 10,000 + 17,689 + 2,7556 = 56,334.
- Project duration expected E = 5 + 15 + 4 + 5 = 29 days (i.e. the total of te-s for activities on the Critical Path).
- Variance of the Critical Path = 2.79 + 2.79 + 0.45 + 0 = 6.03.
- Standard Deviation (SD) of project duration is √6.03 = 2.46.
When the activity measure is the number of units sold, the revenue variance is favorable if the average actual selling price is greater than expected.
A spending variance is the difference between the actual amount of the cost and how much a cost should have been, given the actual level of activity.
Which variance will be unfavorable due to employees working more hours than allowed for the actual number of units produced? Efficiency. An operating budget would not include a what? Cash budget.
Is the spending variance the same as the direct materials price variance?
The spending variance for direct materials is known as the purchase price variance, and is the actual price per unit minus the standard price per unit, multiplied by the number of units purchased.
- Calculate and list the deviation scores from the mean for each score.
- Square each of the deviation scores.
- Add up all the squared deviation scores (which is called the SS or sum of squares)
- Divide SS by the number of scores, and this gives you the variance (s2 or sigma2).
What is the definition of variance analysis? The evaluation of performance by means of variances, whose timely reporting should maximise the opportunity for managerial action.
The standard deviation equals the square root of the variance. The variance equals the squared standard deviation. when we do this, our error in prediction is determined by the variability in the scores.
An activity variance is due solely to the difference in the actual level of activity used in the flexible budget and the level of activity assumed in the planning budget.
Definition: Variance analysis is the study of deviations of actual behaviour versus forecasted or planned behaviour in budgeting or management accounting. This is essentially concerned with how the difference of actual and planned behaviours indicates how business performance is being impacted.
The level of volatility of the time required to carry an activity from the average time is termed as variance in PERT analysis.
How to calculate expected duration, variance, and standard deviation of ...
To calculate SV, subtract your project's planned value (PV) from its earned value (EV): SV = EV – PV. You will also need to know the value of your project's planned budget at completion (BAC). If your SV is positive, your project is ahead of schedule. If it is negative, your project is behind schedule.
The actual sale price of your product (per unit) The standard sale price of your product (how much you budgeted to sell your product for per unit) The number of units sold.
How do you calculate sales revenue variance?
Identify the price per unit sold. Subtract the budgeted units sold from the actual units sold. Multiply your answer by the price per unit sold to determine what your sales volume variance is.
- Actual cost - expected cost = spending variance.
- (Actual variable overhead rate - expected variable overhead rate) x hours worked = variable overhead spending variance.
The Variable Overhead Spending Variance is the difference between the actual and the budgeted rates of variable overhead multiplied by actual hours. The Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance is the difference between the actual hours worked and the budgeted hours worked multiplied by the standard overhead rate.
A spending variance is calculated by comparing actual costs with the static budget. The direct material quantity variance is the difference between the actual quantity and the standard quantity of materials multiplied by the actual price.
Answer: Similar to direct materials variances, direct labor variance analysis involves two separate variances: the labor rate variance and labor efficiency variance.
- Size. A standard is an average expected cost and therefore small variations between the actual and the standard are bound to occur. ...
- Favourable or adverse. ...
- Cost. ...
- Past pattern. ...
- The budget. ...
- Reliability of figures.
An unfavorable variance can occur due to changing economic conditions, such as lower economic growth, lower consumer spending, or a recession, which leads to higher unemployment. Market conditions can also change, such as new competitors entering the market with new products and services.
An activity variance is the difference between a revenue or cost item in the flexible budget and the same item in the static planning budget. An activity variance is due solely to the difference in the actual level of activity used in the flexible budget and the level of activity assumed in the planning budget.
How to calculate expected duration, variance, and standard deviation of ...
Definition of Flexible Budget and Flexible Budget Variance
First, a flexible budget is a budget in which some amounts will increase or decrease when the level of activity changes. A flexible budget variance is the difference between 1) an actual amount, and 2) the amount allowed by the flexible budget.
What is activity based product costing?
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a method of assigning overhead and indirect costs—such as salaries and utilities—to products and services. The ABC system of cost accounting is based on activities, which are considered any event, unit of work, or task with a specific goal.
A variance in accounting is the difference between a forecasted amount and the actual amount. Variances are common in budgeting, but you can have a variance in anything that you forecast. Basically, whenever you predict something, you're bound to have either a favorable or unfavorable variance.
The actual sale price of your product (per unit) The standard sale price of your product (how much you budgeted to sell your product for per unit) The number of units sold.
What Is Cost Variance in Project Management? Cost variance (also referred to as CV) is the difference between project costs estimated during the planning phase and the actual costs. In other words, it is how much actual costs vary from budgeted costs.
CV (Cost Variance) is calculated by EV (Earned Value) - AC (Actual Cost). The -4,000 means that the project is $4,000 over budget. You are halfway through your project and your sponsor would like to know how much the project is expected to cost when it is completed.
A time variance is the difference between the standard hours and actual hours assigned to a job. The concept is used in standard costing to identify inefficiencies in a production process. The variance is then multiplied by the standard cost per hour to quantify the monetary value of the variance.
budget variance. the difference between the figure that the business budgeted for and the actual figure. It's calculated at the end of a budget period when the actual figure will be known.
Creating a second, flexible budget allows a company to evaluate its actual performance during the static budget period. Variances or differences in the actual budget give a small business important information about performance elements such as overhead costs and profit.
This is a flexible budget based on the actual sales level. Then the price cost variances are the differences between the actual results and the flexible budget, i.e., columns 2 and 4. The sales volume variances are the differences between the static master budget and the flexible budget, i.e., columns 1 and 4.
Examples include square footage that is used per product, and the same would be used to allocate the rent of the factory as well as the maintenance cost of the firm; similarly, the number of purchase orders (i.e., PO) used to allocate the purchasing expenses of the purchasing department.
What is the main focus of activity-based costing?
ABC focuses attention on cost drivers, the activities that cause costs to increase. Traditional absorption costing tends to focus on volume-related drivers, such as labour hours, while activity-based costing also uses transaction-based drivers, such as number of orders received.
Activity-based costing provides a more accurate method of product/service costing, leading to more accurate pricing decisions. It increases understanding of overheads and cost drivers; and makes costly and non-value adding activities more visible, allowing managers to reduce or eliminate them.