Why is a solution unstable?
Owing to the presence of the solute in a supersaturated solution in a concentration greater than the concentration of equilibrium, super-saturated solutions are unstable.
Supersaturation is a state of a solution that contains more of the dissolved material that could be dissolved by the solvent under normal circ*mstances. Hence at normal temperatures, these solutions are unstable.
If the difference between the solutions approaches zero as x increases, the solution is called asymptotically stable. If a solution does not have either of these properties, it is called unstable.
In terms of the solution of a differential equation, a function f(x) is said to be stable if any other solution of the equation that starts out sufficiently close to it when x = 0 remains close to it for succeeding values of x.
It is very stable. The particles of solute present in a solution do not separate out on keeping.
Atoms found in nature are either stable or unstable. An atom is stable if the forces among the particles that makeup the nucleus are balanced. An atom is unstable (radioactive) if these forces are unbalanced; if the nucleus has an excess of internal energy.
If nearby solutions to the equilibrium point are all converging towards it, then we have a stable equilibrium point, if the nearby solutions are all diverging then we have an unstable equilibrium point.
All supersaturated solutions are unstable. A supersaturated solution contains more solute at a given temperature than is needed to form a saturated solution. Increased temperature usually increases the solubility of solids in liquids.
To be unstable is to lack stability, meaning things could change without warning, like an unstable bookshelf that is likely to fall down. If you are unstable emotionally, you might be ecstatically happy one minute and horribly depressed and angry the next. The adjective unstable means the opposite of stable.
Scientific definitions for unstable
unstable. [ ŭn-stā′bəl ] Liable to undergo spontaneous decay into some other form. For example, the nucleus of uranium 238 atom is unstable and changes by radioactive decay into the nucleus of thorium 234, a lighter element.
What causes unstable element?
When an atom has extra neutrons or protons, it causes the element to become unstable.
The solute particles cannot be separated from the mixture by the process of filtration. The solute particles do not settle down when left undisturbed, that is, a solution is stable.
In materials science, a chemical substance is said to be stable if it is not particularly reactive in the environment or during normal use, and retains its useful properties on the timescale of its expected usefulness.
stable. [ stā′bəl ] Not susceptible to a process of decay, such as radioactivity. For example, the most common isotope of carbon, carbon 12, is stable. Protons and photons are examples of stable subatomic particles.
The stability of atoms depends on whether or not their outer-most shell is filled with electrons. If the outer shell is filled, the atom is stable. Atoms with unfilled outer shells are unstable, and will usually form chemical bonds with other atoms to achieve stability.
When a system is unstable, the output of the system may be infinite even though the input to the system was finite. This causes a number of practical problems. For instance, a robot arm controller that is unstable may cause the robot to move dangerously.
If a system in equilibrium is disturbed slightly, then if it is stable it tends to return to or oscillate about its original equilibrium state. An unstable system tends to continue to move away from its original equilibrium state when perturbed from it.
If a system does not satisfy the BIBO stability condition, the system is called the unstable system. Therefore, for a bounded input, it is not necessary that the unstable system produces a bounded output. Thus, we can say that a system is unstable even if one bounded input generates an unbounded output.
Formal definition
An equilibrium point is hyperbolic if none of the eigenvalues have zero real part. If all eigenvalues have negative real parts, the point is stable. If at least one has a positive real part, the point is unstable.
On the other hand, an unstable mixture is defined as a mixture in which solute particles settle or coagulate into the solvent. For example, mud in water is an unstable mixture.
Which of the following is unstable chemistry?
Solution : ( c) Neutrons are unstable and having mean life time of `32 sec`, decaying by emitting an electron and antineutrino to become proton.
Like a supercooled or superheated liquid, a supersaturated solution is unstable. Consequently, adding a small particle of the solute, a seed crystal, will usually cause the excess solute to rapidly precipitate or crystallize, sometimes with spectacular results.
Hence, the most unstable particle is the neutron with a half-life of only 106 minutes.
On the periodic table, most elements have at least one stable form. But others have only unstable forms, all of which decay by emitting radiation and transforming into different elements until becoming one that's stable.
They are unstable because they have too much energy, too many protons, or an unstable ratio of protons to neutrons. For example, all elements with more than 83 protons—such as uranium, radium, and polonium—have unstable nuclei. They are called radioactive elements.
Elements heavier than uranium (with 92 protons) are not usually found in nature, but they can be forced into existence in laboratories. The trouble is: the larger an atomic nucleus gets, the more its protons repel one another with their positive charges, making it, in general, less stable, or more radioactive.
Suspensions are a heterogeneous mixture. When the suspension is left for some time, particles get settled in the bottom because they are heavy, larger, and have less movement thus settle down due to gravity. Therefore, suspension is not stable.
Water is a stable compound. Components made up of two or more elements is called a compound. Water is made up of two elements namely hydrogen and oxygen.
Therefore, Cu+ ion in an aqueous solution is unstable. It disproportionates to give Cu2+ and Cu.
A stable solutions is the solution in which particles do not settles down under the effect of gravity. True solutions and colloidal solutions are the example of stable solutions . The particles settle down under gravity like suspensions in unstable solutions.
What solutions most stable?
True solutions are more stable than suspension. True solutions remain stable as the particles are almost uniform in size and do not settle down if left untouched for a given time interval.
Common factors that affect this stability include temperature, light, pH, oxidation and enzymatic degradation. Special considerations are also required when dealing with chiral molecules, deuterated internal standards and large biomolecules.
stable in American English
SYNONYMS 1. fixed, strong, sturdy.
Reactant Stability/Reactivity: The more stable the reactant, the less reactive it will be. In terms of rates, this means that the more stable the reactant, the slower it will react.
If something is stable, it is not likely to change or come to an end suddenly.
The stability of atoms depends on whether or not their outer-most shell is filled with electrons. If the outer shell is filled, the atom is stable. Atoms with unfilled outer shells are unstable, and will usually form chemical bonds with other atoms to achieve stability.
- if f′(x∗)<0, the equilibrium x(t)=x∗ is stable, and.
- if f′(x∗)>0, the equilibrium x(t)=x∗ is unstable.
Inconsistent System
Let both the lines to be parallel to each other, then there exists no solution because the lines never intersect. Algebraically, for such a case, a1/a2 = b1/b2 ≠ c1/c2, and the pair of linear equations in two variables is said to be inconsistent.
| Z | Element | unstable in italics odd neutron number in pink |
|---|---|---|
| 54 | xenon | 131 Xe |
| 48 | cadmium | 111 Cd |
| 52 | tellurium | 126 Te |
| 44 | ruthenium | 101 Ru |
Atoms seek to be stable; so, to get to a more stable state, the atom expels energy from the nucleus in the form of a particle or ray. This process is known as radioactivity, the unstable atom is said to be a radioactive atom, and the energy that's released is radiation.
What happens to unstable atoms?
Unstable atoms will attempt to become stable by changing into a new isotope or element, and energy is released in the form of ionizing radiation until the forces in the nucleus are balanced and stable. The series of changes that a given radioactive element undergoes is called a decay chain.
The adjective unstable means the opposite of stable. Stable is derived from the Latin base word stare meaning “to stand.” If a building, family, person, bridge, or chemical solution is stable it will “stand still,” even if something unexpected happens.
A system in unstable equilibrium accelerates away from its equilibrium position if displaced even slightly. An obvious example is a ball resting on top of a hill. Once displaced, it accelerates away from the crest.
Inconsistent: A system of linear equations is inconsistent if it has no solutions. When this is the case, the graphs of the lines in the system do not intersect, meaning they are parallel.
A theory is inconsistent if we can prove a contradiction using basic logic and the principles of that theory. Consistency is a much weaker condition that truth: if a theory T is true, then T consistent, since a true theory only allows us to prove true claims, and contradictions are not true.
To see if the pair of linear equations is consistent or inconsistent, we try to gain values for x and y. If both x and y have the same value, the system is consistent. The system becomes inconsistent when there are no x and y values that satisfy both equations.
