12 Tips to Cut Your Tax Bill This Year - NerdWallet (2024)

An unexpected tax bill can ruin anybody's day. To help avoid that unpleasant surprise, here are 12 easy moves many people can make to cut their tax bills. In many cases, you must itemize rather than take the standard deduction in order to use these strategies, but the extra effort may be worth it.

1. Tweak your W-4

The W-4 is a form you give to your employer, instructing it on how much tax to withhold from each paycheck.

  • If you got a huge tax bill this year and don’t want another surprise next year, raise your withholding so you owe less when it's time to file your tax return.

  • If you got a huge refund, do the opposite and reduce your withholding — otherwise, you could be needlessly living on less of your paycheck all year.

  • You can change your W-4 any time. (How it works.)

2. Stash money in your 401(k)

Less taxable income means less tax, and 401(k)s are a popular way to reduce tax bills. The IRS doesn’t tax what you divert directly from your paycheck into a 401(k).

  • For 2021, you could have funneled up to $19,500 per year into an account. In 2022, this rises to $20,500.

  • If you're 50 or older, you can contribute an extra $6,500 in 2021 and 2022.

  • These retirement accounts are usually sponsored by employers, although self-employed people can open their own 401(k)s. And if your employer matches some or all of your contribution, you’ll get free money to boot.

» MORE: Try our 401(k) calculator

3. Contribute to an IRA

There are two major types of individual retirement accounts: Roth IRAs and traditional IRAs.

You may be able to deduct contributions to a traditional IRA, though how much you can deduct depends on whether you or your spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work and how much you make.

  • For the 2021 tax year, you may not be able to deduct your contributions if you’re covered by a retirement plan at work, you’re married and filing jointly, and your modified adjusted gross income was $125,000 or more. In 2022, that number rises to $129,000.

There are limits to how much you can put in an IRA, too:

  • For 2021 and 2022, the limits are $6,000 per year, or $7,000 for people 50 or older.

  • You have until the tax-filing deadline to fund your IRA for the previous tax year, which gives you extra time to take advantage of this strategy. (How it works.)

4. Save for college

Setting aside money for Junior’s tuition can shave a few bucks off of your tax bill, too. A popular option is to make contributions to a 529 plan, a savings account operated by a state or educational institution. You can’t deduct your contributions on your federal income taxes, but you might be able to on your state return if you’re putting money in your state’s 529 plan. Be aware, too, that there may be gift tax consequences if your contributions plus any other gifts to a particular beneficiary exceed $15,000 in 2021 and $16,000 in 2022. (How it works.)

5. Fund your FSA

The IRS lets you funnel tax-free dollars directly from your paycheck into your FSA every year, so if your employer offers a flexible spending account, you might want to take advantage of it to lower your tax bill.

  • In 2021, the limit was $2,750. In 2022, this rises to $2,850.

  • You’ll have to use the money during the calendar year for medical and dental expenses, but you might also be able to use it for related everyday items such as bandages, pregnancy test kits, breast pumps and acupuncture for yourself and your qualified dependents.

  • Some employers might let you carry money over to the next year. (How it works.)

6. Subsidize your dependent care FSA

This FSA with a twist is another handy way to reduce your tax bill — if your employer offers it.

  • For the 2021 tax year, the IRS will allow for the exclusion of up to $10,500 of your pay that you have your employer divert to a dependent care FSA account, which means you’ll avoid paying taxes on that money. That can be a huge win for parents of kids under 13 (14 in 2021 due to special rules for coronavirus), because before- and after-school care, day care, preschool and day camps usually are allowed uses.

  • Elder care may be included, too.

  • What's covered can vary among employers, so check out your plan's documents.

7. Rock your HSA

If you have a high-deductible health care plan, you may be able to lighten your tax load by contributing to a health savings account, which is a tax-exempt account you can use to pay medical expenses.

  • Contributions to HSAs are tax-deductible, and the withdrawals are tax-free, too, so long as you use them for qualified medical expenses.

  • For 2021, if you had a self-only high-deductible health coverage, you could have contributed up to $3,600. For 2022, the individual coverage contribution limit is $3,650.

  • If you have family high-deductible coverage, the contribution limit was $7,200 in 2021 and is $7,300 in 2022.

  • If you're 55 or older, you can put an extra $1,000 in your HSA.

  • Your employer may offer an HSA, but you can also start your own account at a bank or other financial institution. (How it works.)

8. See if you’re eligible for the earned income tax credit (EITC)

The rules can get complex, but if you earned less than $57,000 in 2021 , the earned income tax credit might be worth looking into.

Depending on your income, marital status and how many children you have, you might qualify for a tax credit of up to almost $7,000.

A tax credit is a dollar-for-dollar reduction in your actual tax bill — as opposed to a tax deduction, which simply reduces how much of your income gets taxed. It’s truly found money, because if a credit reduces your tax bill below zero, the IRS might refund some or all of the money to you, depending on the credit. (How it works.)

9. Give it away

Charitable contributions are deductible, and they don’t even have to be in cash. If you’ve donated clothes, food, old sporting gear or household items, for example, those things can lower your tax bill if they went to a bona fide charity and you got a receipt.

For the 2021 tax year, you may be able to deduct $300 per person (those married filing jointly can deduct up to $600) on your tax return without having to itemize.

Many tax software programs include modules that estimate the value of each item you donate, so make a list before you drop off that big bag of stuff at Goodwill — it can add up to big deductions. (How it works.)

10. Keep a file of your medical expenses

If you’ve been in the hospital or had other costly medical or dental care, keep those receipts.

  • In general, you can deduct qualified medical expenses that are more than 7.5% of your adjusted gross income for that tax year.

  • So, for example, if your adjusted gross income is $40,000, anything beyond the first $3,000 of your medical bills — 7.5% of your AGI — could be deductible. If you rang up $10,000 in medical bills, $7,000 of it could be deductible in this example. (How it works.)

11. Sell those dogs weighing down your portfolio

Knowing you’re getting a tax deduction might make it a little easier to unload some of those bad stock picks that have been weighing down your portfolio.

  • You can deduct losses on stock sales, which can offset any taxable capital gains you might have. The limit on that offset is $3,000, or $1,500 for married couples filing separately.

  • One other note: Never let tax avoidance become a substitute for wise investing. Sell a stock only if it truly doesn’t work for your portfolio anymore. Don’t do it just to get a tax break, because if you decide to buy back your stock within 30 days, the IRS can take back your deduction. (How it works.)

12. Get the timing right

From a tax perspective, there’s a huge difference between doing something on Dec. 31 and doing it a day later. If you know an upcoming expense is going to be tax-deductible, think about whether you can pay for it this year rather than next year. Making January’s mortgage payment in December, for example, could give you an extra month’s worth of mortgage interest to deduct this year. Similarly, if you know you’re near the threshold for the medical-expenses deduction, moving that root canal up might make the pain more bearable if the cost suddenly becomes deductible, too.

12 Tips to Cut Your Tax Bill This Year - NerdWallet (2024)

FAQs

12 Tips to Cut Your Tax Bill This Year - NerdWallet? ›

An effective way to reduce taxable income is to contribute to a retirement account through an employer-sponsored plan or an individual retirement account. Both health spending accounts and flexible spending accounts help reduce taxable income during the years in which contributions are made.

What reduces your tax bill the most? ›

An effective way to reduce taxable income is to contribute to a retirement account through an employer-sponsored plan or an individual retirement account. Both health spending accounts and flexible spending accounts help reduce taxable income during the years in which contributions are made.

Is it better to claim 1 or 0 on your taxes? ›

By placing a “0” on line 5, you are indicating that you want the most amount of tax taken out of your pay each pay period. If you wish to claim 1 for yourself instead, then less tax is taken out of your pay each pay period.

How to get a $10,000 tax refund? ›

Individuals who are eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the California Earned Income Tax Credit (CalEITC) may be able to receive a refund of more than $10,000. “If you are low-to-moderate income and worked, you may be eligible for the Federal and State of California Earned Income Tax Credits (EITC).

What makes you owe more taxes? ›

A: There are many factors that could affect the amount of taxes you owe each year. Some are income related, such as you or your spouse getting a higher-paying job, starting a side business, or receiving an investment windfall. Others are related to major life events—such as getting married, having a child or retiring.

What are the 3 ways you can reduce your taxes deducted? ›

22 Legal Secrets to Reducing Your Taxes
  • Contribute to a Retirement Account.
  • Open a Health Savings Account.
  • Check for Flexible Spending Accounts at Work.
  • Use Your Side Hustle to Claim Business Deductions.
  • Claim a Home Office Deduction.
  • Rent Out Your Home for Business Meetings.

How to negotiate a lower tax bill with the IRS? ›

Apply With the New Form 656

An offer in compromise allows you to settle your tax debt for less than the full amount you owe. It may be a legitimate option if you can't pay your full tax liability or doing so creates a financial hardship.

Does the IRS really have a fresh start program? ›

The Fresh Start Program, or the Fresh Start Initiative, was created in 2011 by the United States Federal Government. The Fresh Start Initiative Program provides tax relief to select taxpayers who owe money to the IRS.

Does a tax bill ever go away? ›

In general, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has 10 years to collect unpaid tax debt. After that, the debt is wiped clean from its books and the IRS writes it off. This is called the 10 Year Statute of Limitations.

Do you get more money claiming 1 or 2? ›

Claiming 1 reduces the amount of taxes that are withheld from weekly paychecks, so you get more money now with a smaller refund. Claiming 0 allowances may be a better option if you'd rather receive a larger lump sum of money in the form of your tax refund.

Why do I owe taxes if I claim 0 and single? ›

If you claimed 0 and still owe taxes, chances are you added “married” to your W4 form. When you claim 0 in allowances, it seems as if you are the only one who earns and that your spouse does not. Then, when both of you earn, and the amount reaches the 25% tax bracket, the amount of tax sent is not enough.

What does claiming 2 mean? ›

Claiming two just means that less is withheld from each paycheck and your refund will be less at the end of the year (or you may owe the IRS). The general rule is that the more allowances you claim, the less withholding you'll have taken out of your paycheck.

Is it better to claim mileage or gas on taxes? ›

Here's the bottom line: If you drive a lot for work, it's a good idea to keep a mileage log. Otherwise, the actual expenses deduction will save you the most.

Will tax refunds be bigger in 2023? ›

According to early IRS data, the average tax refund will be about 11% smaller in 2023 versus 2022, largely due to the end of pandemic-related tax credits and deductions.

Do you get a bigger tax refund if you make more money? ›

Specifying more income on your W-4 will mean smaller paychecks, since more tax will be withheld. This increases your chances of over-withholding, which can lead to a bigger tax refund. That's why it's called a “refund:” you are just getting money back that you overpaid to the IRS during the year.

Is it better to owe taxes or get a refund? ›

Underestimating your tax burden and not having enough money withheld from your paycheck will cause you to owe the IRS. Nobody likes to owe taxes, but sometimes it actually is the best tax strategy. “In most cases it's better to owe than to receive a refund,” says Enrolled Agent Steven J. Weil, Ph.

How long do you have to pay the IRS if you owe taxes? ›

Also, your proposed payment amount must full pay the assessed tax liability within 72 months or satisfy the tax liability in full by the Collection Statute Expiration Date (CSED), whichever is less.

Is it normal to always owe taxes? ›

Every year, certain taxpayers are surprised that they owe additional income taxes even though their employer withholds taxes from their paycheck each week. This is not as uncommon as you may think, and there are many reasons why it could happen.

What are 5 examples of deductions? ›

If you are wondering whether or not you qualify for one, here are five common tax deductions you can use:
  • Retirement contributions. ...
  • Charitable donations. ...
  • Mortgage interest deduction. ...
  • Interest on college education costs. ...
  • Self-employment expenses.

How can I lower my taxable income 2023? ›

9 Ways to Reduce Your Taxable Income
  1. Contribute to a 401(k) or Traditional IRA.
  2. Enroll in Your Employee Stock Purchasing Program.
  3. Deduct Business Expenses.
  4. If You Can, Invest in Qualified Opportunity Funds.
  5. Donate Stocks Through Donor-Advised Funds.
  6. Sell Poor-Performing Stocks.
  7. Deduct Student Loan Interest.
Apr 19, 2023

What is the IRS 6 year rule? ›

If you omitted more than 25% of your gross income from a tax return, the time the IRS can assess additional tax increases from three to six years from the date your tax return was filed. If you file a false or fraudulent return with the intent to evade tax, the IRS has an unlimited amount of time to assess tax.

Who qualifies for IRS fresh start? ›

Who Qualifies For The Fresh Start Program? The Fresh Start program is open to any taxpayer who owes taxes and is struggling to pay them. There are no income requirements. The first step in applying for the IRS Fresh Start program is to contact your tax attorneys or accountants and see if you qualify.

What is the 2023 IRS Fresh Start Program? ›

New IRS Fresh Start Initiative Helps Taxpayers Who Owe Taxes

Penalty relief Part of the initiative relieves some unemployed taxpayers from failure-to-pay penalties. Penalties are one of the biggest factors a financially distressed taxpayer faces on a tax bill.

What is the IRS forgiveness program 2023? ›

What is the IRS Forgiveness Program? 2023 Updates. Certain taxpayers in the United States who cannot afford to pay their tax liability due to financial hardship may qualify for tax debt relief under the IRS Forgiveness Program.

What happens if I owe the IRS and can't pay? ›

Taxpayers who owe but cannot pay in full by April 18 don't have to wait for a tax bill to set up a payment plan. They can apply for a payment plan at IRS.gov/paymentplan. These plans can be either short- or long-term.

Does IRS forgive tax debt after 10 years? ›

Yes, after 10 years, the IRS forgives tax debt.

After this time period, the tax debt is considered "uncollectible". However, it is important to note that there are certain circ*mstances, such as bankruptcy or certain collection activities, which may extend the statute of limitations.

What accounts can the IRS not touch? ›

IRS can not seize any amount payable to an individual as a recipient of public assistance and also assistance under Job Training Partnership Act. IRS can not seize residences exempt in small deficiency cases, principal residences, and also certain business assets exempt in the absence of certain approval or jeopardy.

How long can IRS come after you? ›

Each tax assessment has a Collection Statute Expiration Date (CSED). Internal Revenue Code section 6502 provides that the length of the period for collection after assessment of a tax liability is 10 years. The collection statute expiration ends the government's right to pursue collection of a liability.

Who qualifies for tax forgiveness? ›

The IRS has the final say on whether you qualify for debt forgiveness. In general, though, the agency looks for taxpayers who: A total tax debt balance of $50,000 or below. A total income below $100,000 (or $200,000 for married couples)

Can I claim my girlfriend as a dependent? ›

You can claim a boyfriend or girlfriend as a dependent on your federal income taxes if that person meets certain Internal Revenue Service requirements. To qualify as a dependent, your partner must have lived with you for the entire calendar year and listed your home as their official residence for the full year.

Will I owe taxes if I claim 0? ›

Conversely, if the total number of allowances you're claiming is zero, that means you'll have the most income tax withheld from your take-home pay. Allowances matter. If you don't claim enough of them and you have too much money sent to the government, you'll end up with a tax refund.

What number do I claim on my taxes to get more money? ›

Claiming 1 allowance is typically a good idea if you are single and you only have one job. You should claim 1 allowance if you are married and filing jointly. If you are filing as the head of the household, then you would also claim 1 allowance. You will likely be getting a refund back come tax time.

Can I claim single if I am married? ›

Married individuals cannot file as single or as the head of a household. Keep in mind the requirements are the same for same-sex marriages. If you were legally married by a state or foreign government, the IRS will expect you to file as married.

Should I claim 0 if I'm single? ›

If you are single and are being claimed as a dependant by someone else's W4 then you should claim zero allowances. If you are single and have one job, or married and filing jointly then claiming one allowance makes the most sense.

How much does a single person have to make to owe taxes? ›

Do I Need to File Taxes? Not everyone is required to file or pay taxes. Depending on your age, filing status, and dependents, for the 2022 tax year, the gross income threshold for filing taxes is between $12,550 and $28,500.

Do I pay more taxes if I claim 2? ›

You can claim anywhere between 0 and 3 allowances on the W4 IRS form, depending on what you're eligible for. Generally, the more allowances you claim, the less tax will be withheld from each paycheck. The fewer allowances claimed, the larger withholding amount, which may result in a refund.

Will I get more on my paycheck if I claim 2? ›

It all depends on how many Claimed Dependents you designate on your W-4. The more dependents you claim, the less income will be withheld (bigger paycheck), and by contrast, if you claim zero dependents, you will have the most tax taken out (smaller paycheck).

How can I get a bigger tax refund with no dependents? ›

6 Ways to Get a Bigger Tax Refund
  1. Try itemizing your deductions.
  2. Double check your filing status.
  3. Make a retirement contribution.
  4. Claim tax credits.
  5. Contribute to your health savings account.
  6. Work with a tax professional.
Mar 22, 2023

Can I write off car insurance? ›

Car insurance is tax deductible as part of a list of expenses for certain individuals. Generally, people who are self-employed can deduct car insurance, but there are a few other specific individuals for whom car insurance is tax deductible, such as for armed forces reservists or qualified performing artists.

Do I need to keep gas receipts for taxes? ›

If you're claiming actual expenses, things like gas, oil, repairs, insurance, registration fees, lease payments, depreciation, bridge and tunnel tolls, and parking can all be deducted." Just make sure to keep a detailed log and all receipts, he advises, and keep track of your yearly mileage and then deduct the ...

Can I write off my car payment? ›

Car loan payments and lease payments are not fully tax-deductible. The general rule of thumb for deducting vehicle expenses is, you can write off the portion of your expenses used for business. So "no" you cannot deduct the entire monthly car payment from your taxes as a business expense.

Why is everyone owing taxes this year? ›

A: During the pandemic, Congress enacted some enhanced tax credits to help support families and some were sunsetted to cut back to pre-pandemic (2019) levels for 2022. As a result, many taxpayers may end up owing more tax this year (or getting a smaller refund).

How do I get a $10000 tax refund 2023? ›

Individuals who are eligible for the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the California Earned Income Tax Credit (CalEITC) may be able to receive a refund of more than $10,000. “If you are low-to-moderate income and worked, you may be eligible for the Federal and State of California Earned Income Tax Credits (EITC).

What is the average tax refund for a single person making $30000? ›

What is the average tax refund for a single person making $30,000? Based on our estimates using the 2017 tax brackets, a single person making $30,000 per year will get a refund of $1,556. This is based on the standard deduction of $6,350 and a standard $30,000 salary.

Why is a large tax refund a bad thing? ›

What's so wrong with receiving a big tax refund? There's nothing erroneous or wrong about getting a large refund, but it probably means that you overpaid taxes during the year if you do. The IRS is just returning that overpayment to you without interest.

Is it better to file single or head of household? ›

Head of household (HOH) filing status allows you to file at a lower tax rate and a higher standard deduction than the filing status of single.

Who gets largest tax refund? ›

Utah has the largest average federal tax refund. Note: This is based on 2021 IRS data for federal tax refunds issued.
...
  • Texas. ...
  • North Dakota. ...
  • Illinois. ...
  • Alaska. ...
  • Kansas. ...
  • South Dakota. ...
  • Nebraska. Nebraska comes in ninth with an average federal tax refund of $1,716 in 2021. ...
  • Oklahoma.
Mar 22, 2023

Which decreases your tax bill more a credit or a deduction? ›

Tax credits and tax deductions both decrease the total that you'll pay in taxes, but they do so in different ways. A tax credit is a dollar-for-dollar reduction of the money you owe, while a tax deduction will decrease your taxable income, leading to a slightly lower tax bill.

How do I avoid taxes on a large sum of money? ›

Strategies to Minimize Taxes on a Lump-Sum Payment
  1. Tax-Loss Harvesting. Tax-loss harvesting allows you to lock in investment losses for the express purpose of lowering your taxable income. ...
  2. Deductions and Credits. ...
  3. Donate To Charity. ...
  4. Open a Charitable Lead Annuity Trust. ...
  5. Use a Separately Managed Account.
Mar 23, 2023

Is there a one time tax forgiveness? ›

One-time forgiveness, otherwise known as penalty abatement, is an IRS program that waives any penalties facing taxpayers who have made an error in filing an income tax return or paying on time. This program isn't for you if you're notoriously late on filing taxes or have multiple unresolved penalties.

How much is a 7500 tax credit worth? ›

Fewer vehicles are eligible for $7,500. The $7,500 tax credit is actually two separate credits, worth $3,750 each. Before April 18 every qualifying vehicle got both credits, but now vehicles can qualify for neither, one, or both.

Is it better to have a $1000 tax credit or tax deduction? ›

If all else is equal, a tax credit will lower your tax bill more than a tax deduction of the same amount. That's because a tax credit reduces your taxes dollar for dollar, whereas a tax deduction lowers the amount of income you pay taxes on.

Which is better a $100 tax credit or a $100 tax deduction? ›

The resulting amount of tax you save depends on your marginal tax bracket (in everyday language: your tax bracket). If you were in the 24% tax bracket for tax year 2022, a $100 deduction reduces your taxes by $24. On the other hand, a $100 credit would reduce your taxes by $100.

What to do with $200,000 inheritance? ›

What to Do With Your $200,000 Inheritance
  1. Find a financial advisor to manage your investments.
  2. Invest in the stock market yourself through an online brokerage.
  3. Put it in a high-yield savings account.
  4. Max out your retirement accounts.
Dec 13, 2022

How do rich people manage their money? ›

Millionaires have many different investment philosophies. These can include investing in real estate, stock, commodities and hedge funds, among other types of financial investments. Generally, many seek to mitigate risk and therefore prefer diversified investment portfolios.

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