1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (2024)

Pronouns are a set of words that replace nouns. They can be used to make your work less complicated and less repetitive. Examples of pronouns include:

  • First person: I, we, me, us
  • Second person: you
  • Third person: he, she, it, they, him, her, them

For some assignments, it is appropriate to use the first person. However, for other assignments the third person is preferred. Sometimes a mixture of the first and third person should be used for different purposes. So, check your assignment guidelines for each assignment, as it will differ for different assignment types, different style guides, and different disciplines. If you are unsure, then check with your course coordinator.

First person preference

The first person can be used to make writing more concise when providing personal reflection, stating a position, or outlining the structure of an assignment.

Some disciplines/lecturers allow or encourage the use of first or second person ('I', 'we', 'you', etc.). The use of the first person is also recommended/allowed in some style guides. For example, in the American Psychological Association Publication Manual (6th ed.) it is recommended that authors use the first person to avoid ambiguity and anthropomorphism.

How to use the first person

The following examples illustrate some ways you can use the first person in your writing.

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Example 1: Structuring an essay

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (1)In this essay, I will argue that gender and ethnicity factors affect buying behaviours.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (2)I will argue that gender and ethnicity factors affect buying behaviours.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (3)The essay will examine how gender and ethnicity factors affect buying behaviour.

Example 2: Describing research you conducted

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (4)I found that...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (5)We informed participants that...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (6)The authors informed participants that...

Example 3: Describing research you conducted

Avoiding subjectivity using the first person

Academic training requires students to support the claims they make by providing solid arguments and/or evidence. So, even when the first person is used in academic writing it can, and usually should, still sound objective.

How to sound objective using the first person when making a claim or stating an argument

The following examples illustrate ways to use the first person in your writing while sounding objective (i.e. making it clear that you are not just expressing an unsupported personal view and that you are concerned about facts and/or reasons rather than being influenced by personal feelings or biases).

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Example 1

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (10)I will argue that assisting developing countries to grow crops, such as tobacco and opium poppies, is not in their best long-term interests.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (11)I think that assisting developing countries to grow crops, such as tobacco and opium poppies, is not in their best long-term interests.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (12)I feel that assisting developing countries to grow crops, such as tobacco and opium poppies, is not in their best long-term interests.

Example 2

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (13)The evidence I presented above indicates that paying benefits to high school students encourages them to stay at school when they would be better off in paid employment.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (14)In my opinion, paying benefits to high-school students encourages them to stay at school when they would be better off in paid employment.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (15)I believe that paying benefits to high-school students encourages them to stay at school when they would be better off in paid employment.

Example 3

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (16)I have presented reasons why educationalists need training in observing pupil behaviour to pick up on unexpressed needs.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (17)As a teacher, I believe teachers need training in observing pupil behaviour to pick up on unexpressed needs.

How to use the first person in reflective writing

Reflective writing relies on personal experience, so it is necessary to use the first person.

The following examples illustrate some ways to use the first person in Reflective writing.

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Examples

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (18)I found this experience positive...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (19)I witnessed...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (20)I succeeded in...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (21)I achieved my goal...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (22)I could have reacted differently in this situation...

Third person preference

Many disciplines/lecturers discourage the use of the first or second person ('I', 'we', 'you', etc.) and prefer the use of the third person because it makes writing sound objective.

How to avoid the first person

The following examples illustrate ways to write without using the first person.

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Example 1: Structuring the essay

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (23)How gender and ethnicity factors affect buying behaviours will be examined.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (24)Careful examination of gender and ethnicity factors shows how these affect buying behaviour.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (25)In this essay, I will examine how gender and ethnicity factors affect buying behaviours.

Example 2: Making a claim or stating an argument

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (26)Assisting developing countries to grow crops such as tobacco and opium poppies is not in their best long-term interests.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (27)I think that assisting developing countries to grow crops such as tobacco and opium poppies is not in their best long-term interests.

Example 3: Making a claim or stating an argument

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (28)Paying benefits to high school students encourages them to stay at school when they would be better off in paid employment.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (29)In my opinion, paying benefits to high-school students encourages them to stay at school when they would be better off in paid employment.

Example 4: Making a claim or stating an argument

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (30)Educationalists need training in observing pupil behaviour to pick up on unexpressed needs.

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (31)As a teacher, I believe teachers need training in observing pupil behaviour to pick up on unexpressed needs.

Example 5: Describing research you conducted

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (32)It was found that...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (33)Participants in this study were informed that...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (34)We informed participants that...

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (35)I found that...

Page authorised by Director - Centre for Learner Success
Last updated on 29 November, 2018

1st vs. 3rd person - OWLL (2024)

FAQs

Is it better to write in first person or third-person? ›

While first-person writing offers intimacy and immediacy between narrator and reader, third-person narration offers the potential for both objectivity and omniscience. This effectively makes both forms of narration appealing to both first-time and seasoned writers.

What is an example of 1st person vs 3rd person? ›

First Person POV (You are experiencing it) – "My heart leaped into my throat as I turned and saw a frightening shadow." Second Person POV (Force you into the story) – "You turn and see a frightening shadow." Third Person POV (Show different points of view) – "The children turned and saw the frightening shadow.

Which is more clear first person or third-person format? ›

With third person, it's clearly outlined whose POV it is in, whose thoughts we are hearing, and so on. It's clearer.

Should I use first person or third-person in research paper? ›

Most academic papers (Exposition, Persuasion, and Research Papers) should generally be written in third person, referring to other authors and researchers from credible and academic sources to support your argument rather than stating your own personal experiences.

Is first person harder to write than third person? ›

First Person may look easier, but it is actually harder to do well. The big thing that First Person does best is also its biggest potential flaw. And that is voice. It is possible to do First Person in a neutral voice, just as it is possible to put attitude and opinion and a distinctive phrasing in Third Person.

Why is third person better than first? ›

For example, the third-person point of view, while less immediate and intimate, has the advantage of allowing you, as the writer, to convey things about the character and what is about to happen to them that the character may not know about.

What are 5 examples of 1st person? ›

First-person singular pronouns are 'I,' 'me,' 'my,' and 'mine. ' First-person plural pronouns are 'we,' 'us,' 'our,' and 'ours. ' First-person possessive pronouns are 'my,' 'mine,' 'our,' and 'ours. ' First-person subjective pronouns are 'I,' 'we,' 'my,' and 'our.

What are 2 sentences of third-person? ›

Here are two more examples where the subject is replaced with a third-person pronoun: Tina worked hard at her job. She was hoping to get a promotion soon. The game was tied when the referee blew the whistle.

What is a good example of third-person? ›

In third-person point of view, the most common choice for writers, the narrator refers to all characters with third-person pronouns like 'he', 'she', or 'they'.. In other words, the narrator is not a character in a story and is a separate entity. For example, 'Jason used his pocket money to buy himself comic books. '

How to avoid using first person? ›

A good practice is to replace the pronoun with a noun, identifying specifically what is being talked about.

Do publishers prefer first or third person? ›

The chief reason many agents and editors prefer third person and call it the “professional” POV, is that the overwhelming percentage of successful books and bestsellers are written in third person. This isn't an accident. There are reasons this is the case.

How to avoid using I in an essay? ›

State your claim directly instead of using “I think.” Sometimes, all you need to do is drop a clause such as “I think” or “I believe” from the beginning of a sentence. Getting rid of the personal pronoun is more objective, and it makes your statement sound more confident.

Can I write in both first and third-person? ›

Writing from multiple points of view is not easy, but it can be a clever and satisfying method of storytelling. Keep the reader in mind as you plot out the characters and reintroduce them throughout your story.

Why should you write in third-person? ›

The third person allows you to get inside the heads of several characters and tell how they think and feel about what happens in the story. You can also reveal their motivations for actions, making them more human and relatable to your readers.

Can you use both first and third-person in an essay? ›

Do not write in “first” or “second” person – use only “third person.” “How do I write my opinion in 'third person'?” First and second person should not be used in formal writing, such as a term paper. First person is the use of “I, me, my, we” etc. Second person is the use of “you, your,” etc.

Is it more professional to write in the third-person? ›

When the writer is presenting new studies or information, using third-person pronouns permits the writer to adequately present quotes, statistics, and other information without getting mixed up in the linguistic nuances of what the writer is explaining, what the reader knows, or what the research is saying.

What is the best pov to write in? ›

Some guidelines:
  • If you want to write the entire story in individual, quirky language, choose first person.
  • If you want your POV character to indulge in lengthy ruminations, choose first person.
  • If you want your reader to feel high identification with your POV character, choose first person or close third.
Mar 11, 2008

Why is writing in third-person better? ›

The third person allows you to get inside the heads of several characters and tell how they think and feel about what happens in the story. You can also reveal their motivations for actions, making them more human and relatable to your readers.

Is Harry Potter written in first or third-person? ›

J. K. Rowling utilizes third-person limited narration in the Harry Potter novels. Even though the narrator is not Harry, and Harry is referred to as 'he,' the reader is allowed into Harry's thoughts—what he is wondering without saying out loud.

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