How the IRS Catches Tax Cheats and Liars (2024)

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) knows it has a big problem. Estimates from the IRS reveal a gross tax gap of $496 billion between 2014 and 2016 (its most recent estimate). The tax gap is the spread between what the government thinks it should be collecting and what it collects.

Some cheats fail to report income, while others knowingly take write-offs they’re not entitled to. For example, the government pays out billions of dollars annually in refundable earned income tax credits due to fraudulent claims.

Obviously, threats of civil and criminal penalties are not enough to deter some people from cheating, so the IRS employs several ways to find these individuals.

Key Takeaways

  • Threats of civil and criminal penalties are not enough to deter some people from cheating, so the IRS employs a number of ways to identify individuals who are skipping out on their taxes.
  • It is believed that the IRS can track credit card transactions and other electronic information, andthat it is using this added data to find tax cheats.
  • It's probable that social media isn’t the audit trigger, but social media may be useful to the IRS once discrepancies are identified to find tax cheats and liars.

Computer Data Analysis

The IRS uses an Information Returns Processing (IRP) Systemto match information sent by employers and other third parties to the IRS with what is reported by individuals on their tax returns. The matching is based on information returns submitted to the IRS on W-2s (reporting wages), 1099s (reporting interest, dividends, securities transactions, and non-employee compensation),and Schedule K-1s (reporting income and expenses from partnerships, S corporations, trusts, and estates).

The IRS computers then find individuals who received this reported information to make sure it’s been reported on their tax returns. Some omissions or errors by individuals are simple mistakes; some, however, result from trying to cheat on taxes.

From April 2022 to September 2022, the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA) completed 39 audits and 1,143 investigations that resulted in the "recovery, protection, and identification of monetary benefits totaling more than $2.1 billion."


IRS computers have become more sophisticated than simply matching and filtering taxpayer information. It is believed that the IRS can track credit card transactions and other electronic information andthat it is using this added data to find tax cheats. Not surprisingly, the IRS doesn’t share much information about this activity with the public other than the fact that it’s being done.

Your Social Media Footprint

If you are being audited, the IRS might be monitoring your public social media posts. (Again, there is little information from the agency about this activity.) Postings on Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), Instagram, and other sites can reveal lifestyles that don’t fit with the amount of income reported on tax returns or with deductions claimed. For example, a claimed deduction for a business trip may be a lie when an individual reveals on social media that the trip was a family vacation.

Of course, without more disclosure from the IRS, how and when social media is used is largely conjecture; however, it’s probable that social media isn’t the audit trigger (the IRS continues to rely on computer matching and other traditional ways to target individuals for audits).

While social media may help the IRS find individuals cheating on their taxes, there is no proof it is used in this way; however, it is always wise to consider carefully what you post online.

The extent to which the IRS may investigate individuals is not known.

  • Is the agency looking at private e-mails? Keep in mind that under the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, a federal law enforcement agency can view without a warrant any e-mails stored on a third-party server that have been there more than 180 days as long as they are relevant to an investigation; the e-mails are considered to be abandoned.
  • Is the IRS looking into nonpublic postings on social media? A person can be compelled to reveal postings even when this can be incriminating.

Whistleblowers

A disgruntled employee or a former spouse may tell the IRS about income that isn’t being reported or other erroneous tax actions that could lead the IRS to recoup taxes. Some whistleblowers do it for revenge, others because they believe they’re doing the right thing, while others do it for the money. The IRS pays a reward of up to 30% of the government’s recovery for certain whistleblowing:

  • Mandatory award: generally 15% to 30% of the amount collected by the government as a result of the informant’s tip. The taxes, interest, and penalties in dispute must be more than $2 million. (If an individual is being informed upon, their gross income for the year in question must be more than $200,000.) The informant can appeal an award to the Tax Court.
  • Discretionary award: This award, which can be granted if the conditions of the mandatory award aren’t met, is discretionary under IRC section 7623(a).

Does the IRS Check Every Tax Return?

The IRS does not check every tax return; in fact, it does not check the majority of them; however, the IRS implements methods that track certain factors that would result in a further examination or audit by them.

Does the IRS Reward You If You Report a Tax Cheat?

The IRS can reward you if you report a tax cheat. The IRS Whistleblower Office awards eligible individuals that report tax cheats if the information they provide is used. The award is generally between 15% and 30% of the collected proceeds.

How Often Does the IRS Catch Tax Mistakes?

The IRS does not audit/catch mistakes in the majority of tax returns. In 2022, approximately 708,309 returns were audited out of the 262.8 million federal tax returns filed.

The Bottom Line

Even though the IRS does not check all tax refunds, it is a large agency with a wide reach that has a variety of means of catching tax cheats and liars. The penalties for avoiding or lying about taxes are severe. If you are unsure about how to complete your taxes, seek a professional tax advisor or similar service to assist you.

How the IRS Catches Tax Cheats and Liars (2024)

FAQs

How the IRS Catches Tax Cheats and Liars? ›

Usually, tax evasion cases on legal-source income start with an audit of the filed tax return. In the audit, the IRS finds errors that the taxpayer knowingly and willingly committed. The error amounts are usually large and occur for several years – showing a pattern of willful evasion.

How does the IRS catch tax cheats? ›

Various investigative techniques are used to obtain evidence, including interviews of third party witnesses, conducting surveillance, executing search warrants, forensically examining evidence, subpoenaing bank records, and reviewing financial data.

How does the IRS know you lied on your taxes? ›

You will have to provide documentation to the IRS so they can determine if you lied, misrepresented your income, or otherwise incorrectly paid your taxes. In some cases, an audit will include in-person interviews. Lying to the IRS in an audit is a crime. An audit can be a lengthy, expensive, and exhausting process.

How do tax fraudsters get caught? ›

It is believed that the IRS can track credit card transactions and other electronic information, and that it is using this added data to find tax cheats. It's probable that social media isn't the audit trigger, but social media may be useful to the IRS once discrepancies are identified to find tax cheats and liars.

How does the IRS catch mistakes? ›

The agency's computer program, the Discriminant Information Function system, continuously scans returns for such anomalies. "If you claimed a charitable deduction that's, like, half your income, it's going to catch their eye," Greene-Lewis told CNET.

Does the IRS actually look at every tax return? ›

The Internal Revenue Service uses a combination of automated and human processes when selecting which tax returns to audit. All tax returns are compared with statistical norms, and those with anomalies undergo three layers of review by personnel.

What three things will the IRS never do? ›

Three Things the IRS Will Never Do
  • The IRS Will Never Cold Call You About Debt. Their policy is to always mail you a bill first. ...
  • The IRS Will Never Demand Immediate Payment. ...
  • The IRS Will Never Threaten You.

Do people get caught lying on taxes? ›

You may be able to fudge a few things here and there one year, but you'll almost certainly get caught if you make a habit of lying on your taxes. Don't risk your freedom and finances on a scheme that will likely fail.

Does the IRS see your bank? ›

The Short Answer: Yes. Share: The IRS probably already knows about many of your financial accounts, and the IRS can get information on how much is there. But, in reality, the IRS rarely digs deeper into your bank and financial accounts unless you're being audited or the IRS is collecting back taxes from you.

What if I accidentally lied on my tax return? ›

Additional tax payable will be billed to you and you may be charged interest and maybe a penalty. if the government did not notice your error, you can subsequently file an amended tax return with correct information. Once again there may be interest and penalties in additional to additional tax payable.

What percent of tax evaders get caught? ›

It is a crime to cheat on your taxes. In a recent year, however, fewer than 2,000 people were convicted of tax crimes —0.0022% of all taxpayers. This number is astonishingly small, taking into account that the IRS estimates that 15.5% of us are not complying with the tax laws in some way or another.

Do all tax evaders get caught? ›

Moral of the Story: The IRS Saves Criminal Prosecution for Exceptional Cases. While the IRS does not pursue criminal tax evasion cases for many people, the penalty for those who are caught is harsh. They must repay the taxes with an expensive fraud penalty and possibly face jail time of up to five years.

What percentage of tax evaders are caught? ›

WASHINGTON — In fiscal year 2022, IRS Criminal Investigation initiated more than 2,550 criminal investigations, identified over $31 billion from tax and financial crimes, and obtained a 90.6% conviction rate on cases accepted for prosecution.

Does the IRS forgive honest mistakes? ›

We may be able to remove or reduce some penalties if you acted in good faith and can show reasonable cause for why you weren't able to meet your tax obligations. By law we cannot remove or reduce interest unless the penalty is removed or reduced.

Who gets audited the most? ›

While the IRS still audits a greater share of high- income filers than low-income ones, low earners who claim the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) face much higher audit rates than other taxpayers with similar incomes.

What are red flags for the IRS? ›

Key Takeaways. Overestimating home office expenses and charitable contributions are red flags to auditors. Simple math mistakes and failing to sign a tax return can trigger an audit and incur penalties. Taxpayers should report all income from Form W-2, Form 1099, and any cash earnings.

Do IRS computers dream about tax cheats? ›

Computers do not have minds and they do not dream. But, even though computers have certain subjective limitations, they have unlimited potential in the modern tax enforcement and compliance initiatives recently adopted by the IRS.

How does the IRS catch unreported income? ›

The IRS receives information from third parties, such as employers and financial institutions. Using an automated system, the Automated Underreporter (AUR) function compares the information reported by third parties to the information reported on your return to identify potential discrepancies.

How often does the IRS catch tax mistakes? ›

The IRS audited 3.8 out of every 1,000 returns, or 0.38%, during the fiscal year 2022, down from 0.41% in 2021, according to a recent report from Syracuse University's Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse. While IRS audits have been rare, experts say certain moves are more likely to trigger an exam.

What raises red flags with the IRS? ›

Unreimbursed employee expenses are perceived to be one of the most common IRS red flags. The IRS frequently reviews unreimbursed employee expenses in audits, as they are widely considered a high abuse category for W2 employees.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Neely Ledner

Last Updated:

Views: 5960

Rating: 4.1 / 5 (62 voted)

Reviews: 85% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Neely Ledner

Birthday: 1998-06-09

Address: 443 Barrows Terrace, New Jodyberg, CO 57462-5329

Phone: +2433516856029

Job: Central Legal Facilitator

Hobby: Backpacking, Jogging, Magic, Driving, Macrame, Embroidery, Foraging

Introduction: My name is Neely Ledner, I am a bright, determined, beautiful, adventurous, adventurous, spotless, calm person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.