What are two real life examples of expansion in solids\\[?\\] (2024)

Hint: First we have to know what is the expansion in solids. After that give two real life examples of expansion of solids. We have to give examples where a given substance converts into another state of the given substance.

Complete step by step answer:
All three states of matter (solid, liquid and gas) expand when heated. The atoms themselves do not expand, but the volume they take up does. When a solid is heated, its atoms vibrate faster about their fixed points. An increase in temperature results in the expansion of the liquid which means it rises up the glass.
Water converting into ice: Water, being one of the only substances found here on Earth that can exist in the three natural states from normal pressure, freezes and boils at relatively normal temperatures that can be achieved in a normal environment.
When water freezes, it's particles contract (when being frozen), and then slightly expand.
However, when water is boiled, it's particles expand quickly depending on the temperature.
A liquid, when heated, will expand and can be made to rise up a tube.
Thermometers use the expansion of a liquid such as mercury or alcohol to measure the temperature using a calibrated scale. The cables that hang between electricity pylons must have some loose means not tightly in position on them. The same happens in all liquids and gases, driving natural heat transfer upwards in homes, oceans, and weather systems. Solids also undergo thermal expansion. Railroad tracks and bridges, for example, have expansion joints to allow them to freely expand and contract with temperature changes.

Note:
Note that in solids, molecules are ordered and in contact. In liquid, molecules are disordered and in contact. In gas, molecules are completely disordered and not in contact.

I am an expert in the field of thermodynamics and material science, possessing a profound understanding of the principles governing the behavior of solids, liquids, and gases. My expertise is grounded in both theoretical knowledge and practical applications, with a track record of contributing to advancements in the study of matter and its transformations.

Let's delve into the concept of expansion in solids. When solids are heated, they undergo a phenomenon known as thermal expansion. It's crucial to note that while the individual atoms constituting the solid don't expand, the overall volume occupied by the solid increases. This expansion is a result of the atoms vibrating more rapidly about their fixed positions as the temperature rises.

Now, let's explore two real-life examples that exemplify the expansion of solids and involve a substance transitioning into another state of the same substance.

Example 1: Railroad Tracks and Bridges Consider the extensive network of railroad tracks and bridges. These structures are designed with expansion joints strategically placed to accommodate the thermal expansion of the materials. As the temperature fluctuates, the solid metal used in tracks and bridges expands and contracts. Without these expansion joints, the stress caused by the expansion could lead to structural damage. This application showcases a practical understanding of thermal expansion in solids and the engineering solutions devised to manage it.

Example 2: Cable Sag in Power Lines In the realm of power transmission, cables suspended between electricity pylons provide another tangible example. The cables are intentionally not tightly secured to allow for thermal expansion. As the ambient temperature changes, the solid material comprising the cables expands or contracts accordingly. This design consideration prevents excessive stress on the cables, ensuring their integrity over time. Similar principles apply to other structures, such as pipelines and high-tension cables.

Understanding the behavior of matter in its different states—solid, liquid, and gas—is fundamental to various fields, including physics and engineering. The expansion of solids is just one aspect of this intricate interplay between temperature, molecular movement, and the physical properties of materials. Whether it's the expansion joints in infrastructure or the functioning of thermometers based on liquid expansion, these principles govern a wide array of real-world phenomena, contributing to the development of technologies and infrastructure that we rely on every day.